Annual revenue rose for four consecutive years, from KRW 2.559 billion in 2022 to KRW 2.600 billion in 2023, KRW 5.134 billion in 2024, and KRW 7.548 billion in 2025.
Operating losses, by contrast, widened from KRW 11.007 billion in 2022 to KRW 11.159 billion in 2023 before narrowing to KRW 8.529 billion in 2024 and KRW 6.568 billion in 2025.
Net loss attributable to owners followed a similar pattern, falling sharply from a large KRW 24.597 billion loss in 2022 and KRW 19.260 billion in 2023 to KRW 4.148 billion in 2024, before widening again to KRW 7.386 billion in 2025.
On a quarterly basis, the operating loss actually widened from KRW 1.632 billion in Q3 2025 (on revenue of KRW 1.728 billion) to KRW 2.055 billion in Q4 2025 (on revenue of KRW 2.112 billion), but the most recent two quarters showed simultaneous revenue growth and loss narrowing, with Q1 2026 posting revenue of KRW 2.101 billion and an operating loss of KRW 1.009 billion, followed by Q2 2026 revenue of KRW 2.989 billion and an operating loss of KRW 701 million.
Net loss attributable to owners, however, widened to KRW 2.371 billion in Q1 2026 before narrowing to KRW 1.285 billion in Q2 2026, reflecting greater volatility in non-operating items than in operating results.
Operating cash flow remained negative by roughly KRW 10 billion annually from 2022 through 2025 (KRW -6.241 billion in 2025), underscoring a continued reliance on external financing rather than internal cash generation.
On the balance sheet side, the debt ratio improved markedly, falling from 556.4% in 2022 to 179.1% in 2023, 101.7% in 2024, and 96.1% in 2025, reflecting the impact of capital-raising efforts such as rights offerings and asset sales.
That said, consolidated non-controlling interests were in deficit in both 2022 (KRW -802 million) and 2023 (KRW -1.773 billion), indicating that losses at subsidiary operations had been substantial.