Annual revenue fell for four straight years — from KRW 30.2 billion in 2022 to KRW 20.2 billion in 2023, KRW 14.1 billion in 2024, and KRW 10.5 billion in 2025.
Over the same period, the operating loss widened each year from KRW 2.4 billion to KRW 4.4 billion, KRW 6.1 billion, and KRW 7.2 billion, pushing the 2025 operating margin down to -69%.
Owner-attributable net income, however, moved from a profit of KRW 6.6 billion in 2022 to losses of KRW 12.6 billion in 2023 and KRW 17.3 billion in 2024, before the loss narrowed to KRW 2.7 billion in 2025.
On a quarterly basis, the owner net loss reached KRW 11.7 billion in Q2 2025, then swung to a KRW 9.5 billion profit in Q4 2025, back to a KRW 1.5 billion loss in Q1 2026, and then to a KRW 3.2 billion profit in Q2 2026.
This volatility in net income, in contrast to the operating loss that persisted every quarter (KRW 2.4 billion in Q2 2026 alone), appears largely driven by non-operating items recognized in specific quarters.
On the revenue side, quarterly sales expanded from KRW 2.4 billion in Q1 2026 to KRW 4.1 billion in Q2 2026, the highest level within the most recent four-quarter window. Owner's equity declined from KRW 82.0 billion in 2022 to KRW 59.3 billion in 2025, reflecting the erosion of capital from accumulated net losses.
Operating cash flow deteriorated from an inflow of KRW 3.3 billion in 2023 to outflows of KRW 4.7 billion in 2024 and KRW 7.3 billion in 2025, indicating a continued weakening of core cash generation.